This project builds on the work of HEAT-CHECK, a project funded by the Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland, which is examining the energy demand and indoor environmental quality levels of 100 new and retrofit homes with the overall objective of improving the DEAP energy compliance procedure.

The objective of the study is to investigate the use of recycled construction waste in 3D construction printing (3DCP). Specifically, the proposal was to characterise the recycled construction waste, assess its suitability for 3DCP, assess the physical properties of concrete structures produced by 3DCP, and asses the recycling of printed concrete into new aggregate.

This report intends to highlight to planners and other key stakeholders of the built environment the whole life carbon impacts of the continued construction of new low-rise, low-density dwellings on greenfield sites and to provide recommendations to mitigate these impacts by promoting a switch to a low-rise, medium density model.